Pertussis (Whooping Cough, Whooping Cough) is a bacterial infection of the respiratory tract is highly contagious and causes a cough that usually ends with breathing in the high-pitched voice (pitched).
Pertussis can occur at any age, but 50% of cases found in children under 4 years old.
Pertussis is the first attack does not always give full immunity. In the event of an attack of pertussis second, usually mild and not always recognized as pertussis.
CAUSE
The cause is the bacteria Bordetella pertussis.
This bacteria is transmitted through saliva splashes sufferers.
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms occur within 7-10 days after infection.
The bacteria infect the lining the throat, trachea and airways so that more and more mucus formation. At first the mucus thin, but it then becomes thick and sticky.
The infection lasts for 6 weeks, and progressed through three stages:
1. Catarrhal stage (taking place gradually within 7-10 days after infection)
Mild flu-like symptoms:
- Sneezing, sneezing
- Watery eyes
- Decreased appetite
- Fatigue
- Cough (initially only occur at night and occur throughout the day).
2. Paroxysmal stage (starts occur within 10-14 days after onset of initial symptoms)
5-15 times a cough followed by breathing in the high notes. After a few times normal breathing, coughing occurred again ended with a high-pitched inhale.
A cough can be accompanied by spending large amounts of mucus that normally ingested by infants / children or appear as bubbles of air in the nose).
A cough or a thick mucus often stimulate the occurrence of vomiting.
Coughing attacks can be terminated by a temporary loss of consciousness.
In infants, apneu (stopping breathing), and choking is more common than the high-pitched breath.
3. Convalescent phase (taking place within 4-6 weeks after initial symptoms)
Diminished cough, vomiting was also reduced, the child seemed to feel better.
Sometimes coughing occurs during many months, usually due to respiratory tract irritation.
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis based on symptoms and examination results of the following:
- Breeding mucus nose and mouth
- Breeding lear throat
- Complete blood examination (an increase in the number of white blood cells characterized by a large number of lymphocytes)
- Serological examination for Bordetella pertussis
- ELISA.
TREATMENT
If disease is severe, patients are usually hospitalized.
They are placed in a quiet room and not too bright. The noise could stimulate coughing.
Can be suctioned from the throat.
In severe cases, oxygen is administered directly into the lungs through a tube inserted into the trachea.
To replace fluids lost through vomiting and because the baby is usually unable to eat due to cough, then given fluids through an IV.
Good nutrition is very important, and should be given food in small portions but frequently.
To eradicate the bacteria, antibiotics are usually given eritromycin.
Prognosis
Most of pendrita experienced total recovery, although progress is slow.
Approximately 1-2% of children aged under 1 year of death. Death occurs due to the reduced oxygen to the brain (anoxia encephalopathy) and bronchopneumonia.
PREVENTION
The pertussis vaccine is part of the immunization in childhood (usually in the form of DPT vaccine).
Pertussis is the first attack does not always give full immunity. In the event of an attack of pertussis second, usually mild and not always recognized as pertussis.
CAUSE
The cause is the bacteria Bordetella pertussis.
This bacteria is transmitted through saliva splashes sufferers.
Symptoms occur within 7-10 days after infection.
The bacteria infect the lining the throat, trachea and airways so that more and more mucus formation. At first the mucus thin, but it then becomes thick and sticky.
1. Catarrhal stage (taking place gradually within 7-10 days after infection)
Mild flu-like symptoms:
- Sneezing, sneezing
- Watery eyes
- Decreased appetite
- Fatigue
- Cough (initially only occur at night and occur throughout the day).
2. Paroxysmal stage (starts occur within 10-14 days after onset of initial symptoms)
5-15 times a cough followed by breathing in the high notes. After a few times normal breathing, coughing occurred again ended with a high-pitched inhale.
A cough can be accompanied by spending large amounts of mucus that normally ingested by infants / children or appear as bubbles of air in the nose).
A cough or a thick mucus often stimulate the occurrence of vomiting.
Coughing attacks can be terminated by a temporary loss of consciousness.
In infants, apneu (stopping breathing), and choking is more common than the high-pitched breath.
3. Convalescent phase (taking place within 4-6 weeks after initial symptoms)
Diminished cough, vomiting was also reduced, the child seemed to feel better.
Sometimes coughing occurs during many months, usually due to respiratory tract irritation.
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis based on symptoms and examination results of the following:
- Breeding mucus nose and mouth
- Breeding lear throat
- Complete blood examination (an increase in the number of white blood cells characterized by a large number of lymphocytes)
- Serological examination for Bordetella pertussis
- ELISA.
TREATMENT
If disease is severe, patients are usually hospitalized.
They are placed in a quiet room and not too bright. The noise could stimulate coughing.
Can be suctioned from the throat.
In severe cases, oxygen is administered directly into the lungs through a tube inserted into the trachea.
To replace fluids lost through vomiting and because the baby is usually unable to eat due to cough, then given fluids through an IV.
Good nutrition is very important, and should be given food in small portions but frequently.
To eradicate the bacteria, antibiotics are usually given eritromycin.
Prognosis
Most of pendrita experienced total recovery, although progress is slow.
Approximately 1-2% of children aged under 1 year of death. Death occurs due to the reduced oxygen to the brain (anoxia encephalopathy) and bronchopneumonia.
PREVENTION
The pertussis vaccine is part of the immunization in childhood (usually in the form of DPT vaccine).